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<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top:2.95pt;text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Doctoral Dissert<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">a</span>tion<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt"> </span>Defense Announcement</span></b><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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exactly"><span style="font-size:13.0pt"> </span></p>
<h1 align="center" style="text-align:center">FRP-CONFINED<span style="letter-spacing:
-1.1pt"> </span>GROUT<span style="letter-spacing:-1.2pt"> </span>SYSTEMS<span style="font-weight:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-left:3.4pt;text-align:center;
line-height:16.1pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: -0.05pt; ">F</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0.05pt; ">O</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">R<span style="letter-spacing:-.75pt">
</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">UNDE</span><span style="letter-spacing:
-.5pt">R</span><span style="letter-spacing:-1.65pt">W</span><span style="letter-spacing:-1.05pt">A</span>T<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">E</span>R<span style="letter-spacing:-.7pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">RE</span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">H</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">AB</span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">I</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">L</span>I<span style="letter-spacing:-1.1pt">T</span><span style="letter-spacing:-1.05pt">A</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">TIO</span>N<span style="letter-spacing:-.65pt"> </span>OF<span style="letter-spacing:-1.1pt"> </span>CORRODED<span style="letter-spacing:-.7pt">
</span>STEEL<span style="letter-spacing:-1.25pt"> </span>BRIDGE<span style="letter-spacing:-.65pt"> </span>PILES</span></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:.9pt;line-height:14.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" align="center" style="margin-left:0in;text-align:center">Hossein<span style="letter-spacing:-.75pt"> </span>Ka<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">ra</span>gah<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:.35pt;line-height:11.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right:411.6pt">Date:<span style="letter-spacing:
-.25pt"> </span>Tuesd<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">a</span>y,<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"> </span>July<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt"> </span>28<span style="font-size:7.0pt;position:relative;top:-5.0pt;mso-text-raise:5.0pt">th</span>,<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">2</span>015 T<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">i</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">e</span>:<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt"> </span>2<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt"> </span>PM<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right:397.15pt;text-align:justify">Location:<span style="letter-spacing:-.45pt"> </span>CEE<span style="letter-spacing:-.4pt"> </span>Conference<span style="letter-spacing:-.45pt"> </span>Room<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-top: 0.05pt; margin-right: 11.05pt; line-height: 12.7pt; ">C<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">o</span>m<span style="letter-spacing:
-.1pt">m</span>ittee:<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>Dr.<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>Mina<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>Dawood<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>(Chair),<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt">
</span>Dr.<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>Abdeld<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">je</span>lil<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"> </span>Belarbi,<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>Dr.<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>C<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">u</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">a</span>raswa<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">m</span>y<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"> </span>Vipulanandan,<span style="letter-spacing:
-.3pt"> </span>Dr.<span style="letter-spacing:-.4pt"> </span>Ashraf<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">y</span>oub,<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>Dr. Sang-Wook<span style="letter-spacing:-.75pt"> </span>Bae<o:p></o:p></p>
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<h1 align="center" style="text-align:center">Abstract<span style="font-weight:
normal"><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
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<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right:5.95pt;text-align:justify">This<span style="letter-spacing:.6pt"> </span>disserta<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">t</span>ion<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt"> </span>presents<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt">
</span>the<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt"> </span>findings<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt"> </span>an<span style="letter-spacing:.6pt"> </span>exper<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">i</span>mental<span style="letter-spacing:.7pt"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt"> </span>numerical<span style="letter-spacing:.7pt"> </span>research<span style="letter-spacing:.7pt"> </span>study<span style="letter-spacing:.7pt"> </span>t<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">h</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">a</span>t<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt"> </span>was<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt"> </span>conducted<span style="letter-spacing:.7pt">
</span>to<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt"> </span>study<span style="letter-spacing:.7pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">t</span>he behavior<span style="letter-spacing:1.95pt">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>corroded<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>steel<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>bridge<span style="letter-spacing:1.95pt"> </span>piles<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>that<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>are<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>repaired<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>using<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>fiber<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>reinforced<span style="letter-spacing:
2.0pt"> </span>pol<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">y</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>er<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>(FRP)-confined<span style="letter-spacing:1.95pt"> </span>grout-b<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">a</span>sed s<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">y</span>stems.<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>The<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>objectives<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>this<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>study<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>were<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>to,<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>(i)<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>quantify<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">
</span>the<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>re<span style="letter-spacing:
-.1pt">m</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">a</span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">i</span>ning<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>axial<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>capacity<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>steel<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>piles<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt">
</span>with<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>different<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>patterns of<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>localized<span style="letter-spacing:
2.0pt"> </span>corrosion,<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">n</span>d<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>(ii)<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>develop<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt">
</span>a<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>rational<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>approach<span style="letter-spacing:1.95pt">
</span>for<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>design<span style="letter-spacing:1.8pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>FRP-confined<span style="letter-spacing:
1.95pt"> </span>grout-b<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">a</span>sed<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">y</span>stems<span style="letter-spacing:1.95pt"> </span>for underwater<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>repair<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>corro<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">de</span>d<span style="letter-spacing:-.35pt"> </span>steel<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"> </span>H-piles.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:.45pt;line-height:9.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly"><span style="font-size:9.5pt"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right:5.75pt;text-align:justify">To<span style="letter-spacing:1.25pt"> </span>achieve<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt">
</span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing:
1.3pt"> </span>first<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>obje<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">c</span>tive,<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>seri<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">e</span>s<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>all<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">-</span>sc<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">a</span>le<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing:1.25pt"> </span>full-s<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">c</span>ale<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span>piles<span style="letter-spacing:1.4pt"> </span>with<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">i</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>ulate<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">c</span>orrosion<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt">
</span>patterns<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span>we<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">r</span>e<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>t<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">e</span>sted under<span style="letter-spacing:.5pt"> </span>concentric<span style="letter-spacing:.6pt">
</span>c<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">o</span><span style="letter-spacing:
-.1pt">m</span>pression<span style="letter-spacing:.55pt"> </span>load<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">i</span>ng.<span style="letter-spacing:.45pt"> </span>Thirteen<span style="letter-spacing:.6pt"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>all-scale<span style="letter-spacing:.65pt"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">t</span>eel<span style="letter-spacing:.6pt"> </span>wide<span style="letter-spacing:.55pt"> </span>flange<span style="letter-spacing:.55pt"> </span>colu<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">m</span>ns<span style="letter-spacing:.5pt"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing:.55pt"> </span>seven<span style="letter-spacing:.55pt"> </span>full-sca<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">l</span>e<span style="letter-spacing:.55pt"> </span>steel<span style="letter-spacing:.6pt"> </span>H-piles with<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>ulated<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>deterioration<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>were<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>tested<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>under<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt"> </span>axial<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>co<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>pression.<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>Deterioration<span style="letter-spacing:
.15pt"> </span>was<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>si<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>ulated<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>by<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>illing<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>flanges<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>and webs.<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>The<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">te</span>st<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>results<span style="letter-spacing:1.95pt">
</span>indicate<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>that<span style="letter-spacing:2.0pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>degree<span style="letter-spacing:1.95pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">r</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">e</span>duction<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>thickness<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">e</span>s<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span>f<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">l</span>anges<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">w</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">e</span>bs,<span style="letter-spacing:1.85pt"> </span>presen<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">c</span>e<span style="letter-spacing:1.9pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">o</span>f throu<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">g</span>h-web<span style="letter-spacing:.75pt"> </span>corrosion,<span style="letter-spacing:
.8pt"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">n</span>d<span style="letter-spacing:.75pt"> </span>length<span style="letter-spacing:.8pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:.75pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing:.8pt"> </span>corroded<span style="letter-spacing:.8pt"> </span>region<span style="letter-spacing:.8pt"> </span>were<span style="letter-spacing:.7pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">t</span>he<span style="letter-spacing:.85pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">a</span>jor<span style="letter-spacing:.8pt"> </span>para<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">me</span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">t</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">e</span>rs<span style="letter-spacing:.85pt"> </span>affecting<span style="letter-spacing:.8pt">
</span>the<span style="letter-spacing:.8pt"> </span>axial<span style="letter-spacing:.75pt"> </span>capacity<span style="letter-spacing:.9pt">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing:.75pt"> </span>the corroded<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>colu<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">m</span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">n</span>s.<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt"> </span>Using<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt">
</span>existing<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>design<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>specificati<span style="letter-spacing:
.15pt">o</span>ns,<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>including<span style="letter-spacing:-.4pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>approach<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>adopted<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">
</span>by<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:
-.25pt"> </span>American<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>Institute<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt"> </span>Steel Construction<span style="letter-spacing:
.05pt"> </span>(AISC)<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>erican<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>Association<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>Sta<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">t</span>e<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>Highway<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>Tra<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">n</span>sportation<span style="letter-spacing:
.1pt"> </span>Officials<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>(AASHTO)<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>those adopted<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>by<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">th</span>e<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>A<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>erican<span style="letter-spacing:.45pt"> </span>Iron<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>Steel<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>Institute<span style="letter-spacing:.45pt"> </span>(A<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">I</span>SI)<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>(the<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>effective<span style="letter-spacing:.45pt"> </span>width<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>and<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>direct<span style="letter-spacing:.45pt"> </span>strength<span style="letter-spacing:.45pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">e</span>thods),<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt">
</span>the<span style="letter-spacing:.4pt"> </span>re<span style="letter-spacing:
-.1pt">m</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">a</span>ini<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">n</span>g axial<span style="letter-spacing:1.1pt"> </span>capaci<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">t</span>y<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:1.05pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt"> </span>tested<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt">
</span>piles<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt"> </span>was<span style="letter-spacing:1.1pt"> </span>predicted<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt">
</span>and<span style="letter-spacing:1.05pt"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing:
.1pt">o</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>pa<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">r</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt"> </span>w<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">i</span>th<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>eas<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">u</span>red<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt"> </span>capacities.<span style="letter-spacing:1.2pt"> </span>The<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt"> </span>findings<span style="letter-spacing:1.15pt"> </span>indicate<span style="letter-spacing:1.2pt">
</span>that a<span style="letter-spacing:
-.1pt">m</span>ong<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt"> </span>methods<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">
</span>investigated<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>ef<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">fe</span>ctive<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>width<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>method<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>res<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">u</span>lted<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>in<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>ost<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt"> </span>accurate<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">
</span>but<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>still<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>conservat<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">i</span>ve<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt"> </span>est<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">i</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">m</span>ate<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>of the<span style="letter-spacing:-.4pt"> </span>axial<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"> </span>capacit<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">y</span>.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:.05pt;line-height:10.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-right:5.9pt;text-align:justify">Subsequently,<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt"> </span>rational<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>approach<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>was<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt"> </span>developed<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">
</span>for the<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>design<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt"> </span>of FRP-confined<span style="letter-spacing:
.15pt"> </span>grout-based<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>repair<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">y</span>stems<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>for<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt"> </span>corroded steel<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span>H-piles.<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span>Two<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>groups<span style="letter-spacing:1.2pt"> </span>of<span style="letter-spacing:1.25pt"> </span>seven<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span>full-scale<span style="letter-spacing:
1.3pt"> </span>H-piles<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span>with<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>d<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">i</span>ffe<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">r</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">e</span>nt<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>patterns<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing:
.05pt">i</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>ulated<span style="letter-spacing:1.35pt"> </span>corrosion<span style="letter-spacing:
1.3pt"> </span>were<span style="letter-spacing:1.3pt"> </span>tes<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">t</span>ed<span style="letter-spacing:1.25pt"> </span>under concentric<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">
</span>axial<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing:
.1pt">o</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>press<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">i</span>on.<span style="letter-spacing:.3pt"> </span>Each<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>group<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>was<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>repaired<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">
</span>us<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">i</span>ng<span style="letter-spacing:
.15pt"> </span>a<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>different<span style="letter-spacing:.15pt"> </span>c<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">o</span>mm<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">e</span>rcially<span style="letter-spacing:.3pt"> </span>available<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>FRP<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>jacket<span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">y</span>ste<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">m</span>.<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt"> </span>T<span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">h</span>e fabrication<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>p<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">r</span>ocess<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>was<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span><span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">i</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">m</span>ple<span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">m</span>ented<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>underwater<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>to<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt"> </span>s<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">i</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>u<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">l</span><span style="letter-spacing:-.05pt">a</span>te<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>in-situ<span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt">
</span>repairs.<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>The<span style="letter-spacing:-.25pt"> </span>test<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt"> </span>results<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>indicate<span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt">
</span>that<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>axial<span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"> </span>capacity of<span style="letter-spacing:2.4pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:2.45pt"> </span>repaired<span style="letter-spacing:2.45pt">
</span>piles<span style="letter-spacing:2.45pt"> </span>was<span style="letter-spacing:2.5pt"> </span>succes<span style="letter-spacing:.05pt">s</span>fully<span style="letter-spacing:2.45pt"> </span>restored<span style="letter-spacing:2.5pt">
</span>to<span style="letter-spacing:2.4pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:
2.4pt"> </span>no<span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">m</span>inal<span style="letter-spacing:2.5pt"> </span>capacity<span style="letter-spacing:2.55pt">
</span>of<span style="letter-spacing:2.45pt"> </span>the<span style="letter-spacing:
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