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<p class="TextThesis" align="center" style="text-align:center;text-indent:0in"><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Development and Application of a New Cost Effective Method
for Estimation of Formation Pressure in Unconventional Reservoirs<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="TextThesis" align="center" style="text-align:center;text-indent:0in"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<p class="TextThesis" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Zoha
Nasizadeh, Master of Science in Petroleum Engineering<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="TextThesis" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<p class="TextThesis" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Defense Date:</span></b><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> Tuesday, December 2<sup>nd</sup>
2014 <b>Time:</b> 11:00am <b>Location: </b>Room 104 in ERP, bldg. 9<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="TextThesis" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Committee Members:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;line-height:200%"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Dr. W. John Lee, Dr. </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Arthur Weglein, John Adams</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-transform: uppercase; "><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="TextThesis"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "> </span></p>
<p class="TextThesis"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">We
developed and successfully field tested a new and cost effective method to
estimate reservoir pressure and effective water permeability in low
permeability reservoirs. Our approach, which is an alternative to
time-consuming DFIT tests and conventional pressure buildup tests, requires
injection of water in multiple short stages. Sandface pressure and flow rate
are analyzed to estimate reservoir pressure and permeability. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="TextThesis"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">We
derived analytical expressions which provide a mathematical basis for this
method. The analytical formulations are based on transient solutions to the
diffusivity equation, the principle of superposition, and assume piston-like
displacement of reservoir fluids with injected water. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="TextThesis"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">We
constructed several numerical simulation models and validated the proposed
technique. We also analyzed flow rate and pressure data from two field trials
performed in the Almond formation of the Wamsutter field. The results of
numerical simulation and field trials of this method verified that our method accurately
determines reservoir pressure with short injection tests.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="TextThesis"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Reservoir
pressure is a fundamental property of the reservoir and its depletion provides
an insight in to the reservoir dynamics and drainage pattern. Measurements of
formation pressure and in-situ reservoir permeability are important for variety
of reasons including estimation of ultimate recovery, production forecasting,
and optimization of depletion planning. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="TextThesis"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 200%; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; ">Unconventional
gas reservoirs are economically viable hydrocarbon prospects that have proven
to be very successful. However,
conventional well tests methods are often impractical in unconventional
reservoirs. Long shut-in times are required for estimates of reservoir pressure
and reservoir permeability. </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:200%;mso-fareast-font-family:"MS Mincho""><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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