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<!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:
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OPTOMETRY, PERIOPSIA</font><span style="font-size: 18pt; "> </span></span></b></p><blockquote type="cite"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style="text-align: center; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="5">JOINT SEMINAR</font></div><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#454545" face="'Book Antiqua'" size="5"><b>Visual perceptual learning and its brain mechanisms:</b></font></p></div></blockquote><div style="text-align: center;"><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#454545" face="'Book Antiqua'" size="5"><b>A new perspective</b></font><b><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; "><o:p> </o:p></span></b></div><blockquote type="cite"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; "><b><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; "><font class="Apple-style-span" size="5">Cong Yu</font><font class="Apple-style-span" size="6"><o:p></o:p></font></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: center; "><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:
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of Psychology and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences</span></i></p></div></blockquote>
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<!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:
normal"><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; color: black; background-image: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; font-size: 15px;">Peking
University, Beijing, China</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal"><span style="font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";color:black;background:white"><o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<!--EndFragment--><blockquote type="cite"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; "><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><b><u><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; ">Date:</span></u></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; "> Friday, November 8, 2013<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><b><u><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; ">Time:</span></u></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; "> 12noon-1PM<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 15px;"><b><u><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; ">Location:</span></u></b><b><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; "> </span></b><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Book Antiqua'"><b>Health and Biomedical Sciences Building (HBSB), Room 203E</b></font></span></p></div></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in; "><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; "><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in; "><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; "><o:p> </o:p></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(69, 69, 69); font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; font-size: 15px; ">Visual perceptual learning is
regarded as a powerful tool to understand brain plasticity at the behavioral
level. Learning is known to be specific to the trained retinal location and
orientation, which places important constraints on all perceptual learning
theories, many of which assume that perceptual learning occurs in the early
visual areas that are retinotopic and orientation selective. However, we
created new experimental paradigms to demonstrate that location and orientation
specificities can be eliminated from perceptual learning. In a “double
training” paradigm, location specific learning can transfer completely to a new
retinal location following additional training at the new location with an
irrelevant task. Similarly, in a training-plus-exposure (TPE) paradigm,
orientation-specific learning in both normal and amblyopic vision can transfer
completely to an orthogonal orientation if an observer is also passively
exposed to the orthogonal orientation through an irrelevant task. These results
suggest that perceptual learning is more likely a high-level process that
occurs beyond the retinotopic and orientation selective visual cortex. What is
being actually learned in perceptual learning? I will present evidence that
orientation perceptual learning may be orientation “concept” learning, in that
the brain may learn a highly abstract “concept” of what orientation is. On the
other hand, why high-level perceptual learning shows specificity in the first
place? I will speculate that learning specificity may result from high-level
learning not being able to functionally connect to the visual inputs
representing the new locations or orientations, probably because of attention
related suppression of untrained visual inputs. It is the double training and
TPE paradigms that reactivate untrained inputs to establish functional
connections and enable learning transfer.</span></p></div></blockquote>
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<!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Book Antiqua";mso-no-proof:yes"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<!--EndFragment--><blockquote type="cite"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 'Book Antiqua'; font-size: 15px;">For information, contact: Haluk Ogmen, <a href="mailto:ogmen@uh.edu">ogmen@uh.edu</a></span></p></div></blockquote></body></html>